Which attributes are included in data provenance to assess trustworthiness?

• A. Origin and time stamps only
• B. Origin, source system, time stamps, and modification history
• C. User login history only
• D. Data storage capacity

Answer: (B)

Data provenance is about the lineage of data—the information needed to trust and verify where data came from and how it has changed. In EpicCare Everywhere, trustworthiness comes from a set of attributes that trace the data's origin and evolution: the original origin of the data, the specific source system that produced it, time stamps that show when it was created or last updated, and a modification history that records edits and versions. Together, these elements let clinicians validate authenticity, understand the context, and follow the data's journey through systems and over time.

For example, knowing the origin tells you the data’s starting point; identifying the source system clarifies the data’s format and domain; time stamps provide a temporal context; and the modification history reveals what changes occurred, when, and by whom. In contrast, merely knowing who logged in or the data’s storage capacity does not establish the data’s origin, its provenance across systems, or its changes over time, so they don’t support assessing trustworthiness as effectively.